{"id":5183,"date":"2020-12-12T18:39:14","date_gmt":"2020-12-12T15:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=5183"},"modified":"2022-04-22T13:15:59","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T10:15:59","slug":"sayfiyeden-turistiklestirmeye-istanbul-adalari-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=5183","title":{"rendered":"Sayfiye’den turistikle\u015ftirmeye \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131- II"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6mer S\u00fcvari- Heybeliada<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri B\u00fcy\u00fckada, Heybeliada, Burgazada ve K\u0131nal\u0131ada sayfiyeden turistikle\u015ftirmeye do\u011fru geli\u015fen s\u00fcreci g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan yakla\u015f\u0131k 20-25 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fad\u0131. 1980’li y\u0131llardan itibaren“sosyal devlet” <\/em>ve “sosyal belediyecilik” <\/em>gibi kavram ve uygulamalar\u0131n rafa kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar bu s\u00fcrece damga vurrurken, bu y\u0131llara kadar Adalar \u0130stanbul’un di\u011fer sayfiyelerine nazaran mekansal ve fiziksel uzakl\u0131k nedeniyle daha \u015fansl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. \u0130stanbul’un di\u011fer sayfiyelerinin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m ve kentle\u015fme s\u00fcrecinden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde uzak kalabilmi\u015f Adalar nostaljik bir a\u00e7\u0131khava m\u00fczesi ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131n halen hissedilebildi\u011fi bir piknik alan\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Her ne kadar 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l ortalar\u0131nda d\u00fczenli vapur seferlerinin ba\u015flamas\u0131yla birlikte k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Rum bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 k\u00f6ylerinden sayfiye mekanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen Adalar, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde Rumlardan olu\u015fan tarihsel n\u00fcfusunu 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca kaybetmi\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen bir\u00e7ok insan i\u00e7in “eski g\u00fczel g\u00fcnlerin” kokusunu alabildi\u011finiz son \u0130stanbul par\u00e7as\u0131yd\u0131. \u00d6te yandan tarihsel n\u00fcfusu uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan Adalar\u2019da, y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca ya\u015fanan tersine g\u00f6\u00e7 dalgalar\u0131 da mek\u00e2nsal, ekonomik ve sosyal haf\u0131zay\u0131 silmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015f Adalar’\u0131n yeni sakinleri kendilerini sosyal hizmetlerden yoksun, sosyal, kentsel ve do\u011fal dokuyu korumaktan uzak bir y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ba\u015fba\u015fa bulmu\u015ftu. Arsa, parsel, koy, plaj, ev, konak kavgalar\u0131yla, i\u015fgal edilen evleri, arsalar\u0131, el de\u011fi\u015ftiren i\u015fletmeleriyle Adalar hemen her t\u00fcr ili\u015fkinin filiz verdi\u011fi yeni bir sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ili\u015fki d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda ya\u015f\u0131yordu. Belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u00e7\u0131kar gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 Adalar \u0130stanbul’dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131, nostaljik, \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fc, ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn ve anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n hakim oldu\u011fu bir ili\u015fkiler d\u00fcnyas\u0131na de\u011fil, ger\u00e7ekte kentsel ve mek\u00e2nsal haf\u0131zan\u0131n silindi\u011fi, ekonomik ya\u015fam\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, kentsel belle\u011fi t\u0131rpanlanm\u0131\u015f bir il\u00e7eydi. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla 1980’lerden itibaren giderek h\u0131zlanan bir tempoda bug\u00fcne kadar devam eden d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm ve turistikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci i\u00e7in ko\u015fullar b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde haz\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

1980’li y\u0131lara kadar Adalar’\u0131n \u0130stanbul’la olan mekansal ve fiziksel uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, il\u00e7enin tek ya da iki katl\u0131 bah\u00e7eli evlerden olu\u015fan, Osmanl\u0131-erken Cumhuriyet d\u00f6neminden arta kalan \u0131zgara planl\u0131 gridal yerle\u015fim modelinin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ve bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, serac\u0131l\u0131k gibi ekonomik faaliyetlerle desteklenen bir yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131-yerli ekonomisi i\u00e7indeki mahalle ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ve sayfiye k\u00fct\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn en az\u0131ndan g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcde korunabilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak sa\u011fl\u0131k, e\u011fitim, ula\u015f\u0131m gibi alanlarda ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck yoksunlukla, yasad\u0131\u015f\u0131 imar uygulamalar\u0131yla, do\u011fal alanlar\u0131n \u00e7itlenmesi ve kentsel-do\u011fal mekanlar\u0131n ticarile\u015ftirilmesiyle ve m\u00fclk devrinin h\u0131zla devam etmesiyle birlikte Adalar’daki sosyal ve ekonomik ya\u015fam 30 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde s\u00fcp\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. 1976 ve 1984 tarihli koruma-sit alan\u0131 kararlar\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 korunma \u015femsiyesi bizzat Adalar’da ya\u015fayanlar taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinden delinmeye ba\u015flarken, Adalar b\u00f6lgesi turizm ve emlak end\u00fcstrileri taraf\u0131ndan 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren \u201cyat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131labilir\u201d alanlar haline gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

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\"7412511004_178a991a35_b\"<\/a>
B\u00fcy\u00fckada Sefero\u011flu tesisleri<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Adalar\u2019da turistikle\u015fme dalgas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019un 1980’lerden itibaren ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 neo-liberal metropole d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme ve turizm kenti haline s\u00fcreci \u015eile, \u00c7\u0131narc\u0131k, Erdek gibi \u0130stanbul\u2019a fiziken uzak \u201c\u00f6telenmi\u015f\u201d sayfiyelerde oldu\u011fu gibi Adalar\u2019\u0131n da 1990\u2019lar\u0131n sonundan ba\u015flayarak h\u0131zla turizm end\u00fcstrisinin hatlar\u0131na ba\u011flanmas\u0131na ve literat\u00fcrdeki ad\u0131yla h\u0131zl\u0131 bir turistikle\u015ftirme\u00a0 (touristificaton)<\/em> s\u00fcreci ya\u015famas\u0131na neden oldu. F\u00fctursuz bir hayvan s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6rne\u011fi olan faytonlar, dinsel ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel mekanlar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131, orman alanlar\u0131, plajlar, k\u0131y\u0131lar, restoranlar ve konaklama tesisleri h\u0131zla turizmin birer enstr\u00fcman\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 14 bin ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019nda, \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 B\u00fcy\u00fckada\u2019da olmak \u00fczere 430 civar\u0131ndaki i\u015fletme y\u0131lda 6 milyonu a\u015fan g\u00fcn\u00fcbirlik ziyaret\u00e7iye hizmet vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Konut ve konut+ticaret alanlar\u0131ndan ve \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden konutlar\u0131n kovulup p\u00fcr ticari alanlar haline gelmesi s\u00fcreci h\u0131zland\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kentsel-do\u011fal mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n ya\u011fmalanmas\u0131na, perakendecili\u011fe ve geleneksel mekanlar\u0131n ticarile\u015ftirilmesine odaklanan turistik faaliyetler yoluyla biriktirilen sermaye Adalar\u2019da ya\u015fayan dar gelirli kesimler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan temel \u201ckurtulu\u015f\u201d yolu haline gelirken daha b\u00fcy\u00fck akt\u00f6rler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Adalar art\u0131k \u201cyat\u0131r\u0131m yap\u0131labilir\u201d b\u00f6lgeler haline geldi. B\u00fcy\u00fckada\u2019da Lido ve Sefero\u011flu gibi \u201ctesisler\u201d, otel, motel ve pansiyonlar, restoranlar say\u0131ca artarken, Ada k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131na yap\u0131lan dolgularla yay\u0131lan su sporu kul\u00fcpleri ve “beach”ler bu aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak \u015fekillendi. Turistikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinde kentin di\u011fer b\u00f6lgelerine oranla ya\u015fanan gecikme Adalar\u2019da ticari sermaye birikimine yaslanan yerel dinamiklerin \u00a0de palazlanmas\u0131na imkan tan\u0131d\u0131. Toptanc\u0131l\u0131k, market\u00e7ilik, restoranc\u0131l\u0131k, otelcilik, m\u00fcteahhitlik, faytonculuk gibi i\u015f alanlar\u0131nda biriktirilen sermaye turizm end\u00fcstrisinin yeni mekanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in yat\u0131r\u0131mlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Mafyatik beach\u2019lerin, otel ve restoranlar\u0131n say\u0131lar\u0131 \u00a0bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te artt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kimi sivil ya da kamu otoriteleriyle birlikte kotar\u0131lan giri\u015fimler bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te turizmi destekleme programlar\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, Adalar\u2019daki faytonlar az say\u0131da ki\u015finin elinde toplanmaya, toptanc\u0131l\u0131k, restoranc\u0131l\u0131k, m\u00fcteahhitlik, otelcilik gibi i\u015f ve i\u015fletmeler \u00e7apraz ba\u011flarla birbirine ba\u011fl\u0131, yerel kurumlar da da uzant\u0131lar\u0131 olan az say\u0131da ailede birikmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Adalar\u2019\u0131n tarihinden, k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcnden, mimari zenginli\u011finden ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam\u0131ndan geriye ne kald\u0131ysa bir \u201cturistik s\u00f6m\u00fcrge\u201d olarak \u0130stanbul taraf\u0131ndan metala\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaya ve ya\u011fmalanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda 32 milyon yabanc\u0131 turistin geldi\u011fi (1)<\/sup><\/strong>, 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda ise 48 milyona yak\u0131n turistin ziyaret etti\u011fi T\u00fcrkiye, d\u00fcnya turizminde alt\u0131nc\u0131 s\u0131raya y\u00fckselirken (2)<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0bu rakam\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u0130stanbul\u2019a ve Adalar\u2019a geldi. \u0130stanbul\u2019un Suri\u00e7i-Sultanahmet ve Bo\u011faz\u2019dan sonraki \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck u\u011frak yeri\u00a0(destinasyonu)<\/em>\u00a0haline getirilen Adalar\u2019\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 turistik\u00a0<\/em>\u201ckentsel s\u00f6m\u00fcrge\u201d<\/em>ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fme s\u00fcreci d\u00fcnyadaki di\u011fer \u00f6rneklere giderek daha fazla benzemeye ba\u015flarken, kentsel ve do\u011fal y\u0131k\u0131m \u00f6rnekleri de artmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu s\u00fcrecin hem merkezi hem de yerel y\u00f6netim taraf\u0131ndan desteklenerek geli\u015fece\u011fi, \u0130BB b\u00fcnyesinde kurulan \u0130stanbul Turizm Platformu gibi giri\u015fimler eliyle s\u00fcr\u00fcklenece\u011fi de anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor.\u00a0(3)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"images-25\"<\/a>
B\u00fcy\u00fckada’da 1980’lerde ba\u015flayan “iskele modas\u0131”…<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Adalar\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131 kendi mahallelerine yabanc\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak birer ziyaret\u00e7i konumuna s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen, iskeleler, vapurlar, motorlar, kahvehaneler gibi min\u00f6r mekanlar\u0131 ve ada hayat\u0131n\u0131n temel d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmlerini metropol kaosuna a\u00e7\u0131lan\u00a0birer solucan deli\u011fine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek g\u00fcndelik hayat\u0131n ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rlayan bu \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 turistikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci\u00a0ba\u015fta B\u00fcy\u00fckada olmak \u00fczere t\u00fcm adalarda\u00a0sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayat\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ya\u015fan\u0131lan mek\u00e2n\u0131n turistikle\u015ftirilmesi s\u00fcrecinin Adalar\u2019a \u00f6zg\u00fc en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fc geleneksel yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131-k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 ekonomisini tamamen y\u0131k\u0131ma u\u011fratmas\u0131, yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 Adalar’dan uzakla\u015fmaya, yerlilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de geleneksel\u00a0ada\u00a0ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 terketmeye zorlamas\u0131 oldu. Airbnb’nin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131, artan emlak hareketleri, beach k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hakimiyet kurmas\u0131, orman alanlar\u0131n\u0131n ticarile\u015ftirilmesi ve k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131n i\u015fgali Adalar’\u0131n mekanlar\u0131n\u0131 oldu\u011fu gibi sosyal ili\u015fkilerini de yeniden \u015fekillendirdi.\u00a0Kiralar\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131, fiyatlar genel d\u00fczeyinin h\u0131zla y\u00fckselmesi, pahal\u0131 ula\u015f\u0131m gibi turistikle\u015ftirmenin ola\u011fan sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra Adalar’da ya\u015fayanlar turistik bir mek\u00e2nda ya\u015faman\u0131n t\u00fcm sorunlar\u0131yla y\u00fczle\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u00a0Turistlerin instagram foto\u011fraflar\u0131 i\u00e7in bir arka fon olu\u015fturmak, gelecek\u00a0hafta ve sonraki hafta kom\u015fusunun kim olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilememek, pazara gidip al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yapmak i\u00e7in domates foto\u011fraf\u0131 \u00e7eken ya da mangal al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yapan turistlerin \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131y\u0131 terketmesini beklemek, faytonlara ko\u015fulan atlar\u0131n \u00f6lmesi, y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yollar\u0131ndan \u00fccret kesen i\u015fletmecilerin t\u00fcremesi \u00a0gibi sorunlar g\u00fcndelik meseleler haline geldi…\u00a0<\/strong>(4)<\/strong>\u00a0Bu noktada d\u00fcnyan\u0131n di\u011fer turistikle\u015ftirilmi\u015f birka\u00e7 b\u00f6lgesinden \u00a0ve adas\u0131ndan \u00f6rnek vermek durumun anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve gelece\u011fi g\u00f6rmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131racakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"images-20\"<\/a>
Adalar’da turizminin k\u00f6leleri atlar (2019)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019ndan d\u00fcnya adalar\u0131na turistikle\u015ftirme\u2026<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tayland\u2019\u0131n Phi Phi Adalar\u0131\u2019nda bulunan mercan resiflerini g\u00fcnde 5 bin ki\u015fiye ula\u015fan selfie aray\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki turist topluluklar\u0131ndan korumak i\u00e7in k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerini y\u0131l\u0131n 4 ay\u0131 t\u00fcm\u00fcyle turistlere kapatma karar\u0131 veren Tayland h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ya da Boracay Adas\u0131\u2019n\u0131 ekolojik restorasyon i\u00e7in 6 ay boyunca turistlere kapatmak zorunda kalan Filipinler h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin y\u00f6nelmek zorunda kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nlemler, s\u00fcrecin \u0130stanbul\u2019da ve Adalar\u2019da varaca\u011f\u0131 son noktay\u0131 g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131yor. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir kentsel ve ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131ma yol a\u00e7an turistikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcreci a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan her y\u0131l 22 milyon ki\u015finin ziyaret etti\u011fi ve ya\u015fayan bir \u015fehirden \u00e7ok dev bir turistik gezi ve al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f merkezine haline gelen Venedik\u2019in durumu da farkl\u0131 de\u011fil. 70 bin ki\u015finin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Venedik g\u00fcnde ortalama 70-90 bin ki\u015fi aras\u0131 ziyaret\u00e7i al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

Tayland-Ko Phi Phi Lee Adas\u0131 Maya Koyu \u00a9 AP PHOTO<\/p>\n

Turistlerin foto\u011fraf alb\u00fcmleri ve instagram story’leri \u00a0i\u00e7in akt\u00f6rlere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen Venedik halk\u0131n\u0131n mutsuzlu\u011fu y\u0131lda 10 milyon ziyaret\u00e7i a\u011f\u0131rlayan Mallorca\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n durumundan farkl\u0131 de\u011fil. Tematik bir gezi park\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen\u00a0Venedik\u2019te 2030 y\u0131l\u0131nda tek bir yerel ikamet sahibi kalmayaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor. Yerli n\u00fcfusun h\u0131zla ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131ndan s\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve b\u00fcy\u00fck turistik i\u015fletmecilere d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015femeyen yerel esnaf\u0131n ve halk\u0131n terk etmek zorunda\u00a0kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 Mallorca ve Venedik\u2019te turist vergisinin artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Airbnb\u2019nin yasaklanmas\u0131 gibi \u00f6neriler tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken\u00a0(5)<\/strong>,<\/strong> bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de Bozcaada\u2019n\u0131n ve B\u00fcy\u00fckada\u2019n\u0131n birka\u00e7 y\u0131lda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klayan nitelikler ta\u015f\u0131yor. Turistik bask\u0131 nedeniyle Kore\u2019de Seul\u2019un Hanok beldesindeki yerli n\u00fcfusun ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yeri terketmek zorunda kalmalar\u0131\u00a0(6)\u00a0da, \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019da Edinburgh\u2019a sadece 2019 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n Noel tatilinde gelen 929 bin ki\u015finin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaos da turistikle\u015ftirmenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na dair zengin veriler\u00a0sunuyor.\u00a0(7)<\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak bug\u00fcn, ge\u00e7mi\u015fte bir dereceye kadar Adalar\u2019\u0131n i\u00e7 dinamiklerinin kontrol edebildi\u011fi, yerel n\u00fcfusun rengini verebildi\u011fi sosyal ve ekonomik ili\u015fki d\u00fcnyas\u0131 art\u0131k i\u015fgal, ya\u011fma, \u015fiddet, k\u00e2r ve siyasal kariyer h\u0131rs\u0131 ve piyasala\u015ft\u0131rmaya dayal\u0131 neo-liberal de\u011ferler taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyor. Turistikle\u015ftirmenin ana s\u00fcr\u00fckleyicisi oldu\u011fu bu tablo i\u00e7inde belediye ba\u015fkanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve y\u00f6neticilerini y\u0131k\u0131m ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmenin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131\u00a0denetlemeye ya da bu s\u00fcre\u00e7ten pay almaya zorlanan birer \u201cs\u00f6m\u00fcrge valisine\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bu\u00a0“turistikle\u015ftirme”<\/em>\u00a0s\u00fcreci sadece y\u00f6neticileri etkilemiyor. Adalar\u2019da ya\u015fayan her kesimi ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yere, Adalar\u2019daki ya\u015fam k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcne, mek\u00e2na, mahalleye, hayvan haklar\u0131na ve do\u011faya ihanet eden birer su\u00e7 orta\u011f\u0131 ve i\u015fbirlik\u00e7i haline gelmeye zorluyor.<\/p>\n

Herkesin bir di\u011ferini sosyal ve siyasal sermaye olarak kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, kasaba kurnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kaba ya da inceltilmi\u015f bi\u00e7imlerinin h\u00fck\u00fcm s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc grup, parti, kul\u00fcp, dernek, meclis, giri\u015fim, proje ve benzerlerinin d\u00fcnyas\u0131 da bu ko\u015fullarda Adalar\u2019\u0131n sorunlar\u0131yla ilgilenen bir\u00e7ok insan\u0131n ger\u00e7eklik alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tan, hareketsizli\u011fe s\u00fcr\u00fckleyen dedikodu ve rekabet tu\u011flalar\u0131yla in\u015fa edilmi\u015f kafeslere hapsediyor. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc dalgas\u0131 i\u00e7inde Adalar\u2019\u0131 bir turistik alan olarak yeniden\u00a0etiketlemekten ve seyahat acentalar\u0131n\u0131n kataloglar\u0131nda Adalar’a “turistik b\u00f6lge”\u00a0logosunu\u00a0yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktan ba\u015fka bir anlam\u0131 olmayan UNESCO k\u00fclt\u00fcr miras\u0131 projeleri\u00a0(8), sa\u011fl\u0131k, yemek, e\u011fitim, mimari vs. \u201ck\u00fclt\u00fcr turizmi\u201d aray\u0131\u015flar\u0131, birer kat\u0131l\u0131m sim\u00fclasyonu olan kent konseyi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 ve envai \u00e7e\u015fit sivil giri\u015fim sosyal ve ekonomik ya\u015famda herhangi bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkisi olmayan etkinlikler i\u00e7inde s\u00fcr\u00fcklenip gidiyor. Ku\u015fkusuz\u00a0neo-liberal kentle\u015fmenin ve turisitikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecinin k\u00fclt\u00fcrel, ekonomik ve sosyal sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 oldu\u011fu kadar psiko-politik sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 da var. Bu nedenle Yass\u0131ada\u2019n\u0131n imara a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131nda sorumlulu\u011fu olanlar\u0131 ya da ge\u00e7mi\u015fte\u00a0Adalar\u2019da turizmi geli\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131 koruma projelerinde g\u00f6rmek, at \u00f6l\u00fcmlerini normalle\u015ftirenleri ve faytonculu\u011fun atlar i\u00e7in katliam boyutuna varan geli\u015fiminde\u00a0pay\u0131 olanlar\u0131\u00a0\u201catlar\u0131 kurtarma\u201d<\/em>\u00a0eylemlerinde g\u00f6rmek \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 olmuyor.<\/p>\n

\"chp-liler-vapurlarla-3-34104_b\"<\/a>
Ada vapuru kuyru\u011fu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak Adalar\u2019da ya\u015fayanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7eklik alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131tan, insanlar\u0131 adada ya\u015f\u0131yor olman\u0131n sosyal ve do\u011fal ba\u011flam\u0131ndan t\u00fcm\u00fcyle koparan,\u00a0adalar\u0131\u00a0insanlar ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterek bir mek\u00e2n<\/em>\u00a0olarak de\u011fil, \u201cturistik bir destinasyon\u201d,\u00a0\u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik\u00a0\u00f6rne\u011fi\u201d, \u00a0\u201cy\u00f6netim plan\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi\u201d, \u201ckat\u0131l\u0131m s\u00fcreci \u00f6rne\u011fi\u201d, “nostalji alan\u0131”, “ki\u015fisel s\u0131\u00e7rama tahtas\u0131”\u00a0<\/em>olarak g\u00f6ren d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleri kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na ya\u015fam\u0131n ger\u00e7ek renklerini, ger\u00e7ek insanlar\u0131n ger\u00e7ek sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 ve tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 koymak i\u00e7in fazla zaman\u0131m\u0131z yok. Kentsel, sosyal ve ekolojik y\u0131k\u0131m kap\u0131m\u0131za dayanm\u0131\u015fken kenti ve do\u011fay\u0131, \u0130stanbul’u, Adalar’\u0131 ve Marmara’y\u0131 bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmekten ba\u015fka yolumuz yok.\u00a0Samimiyet, kararl\u0131l\u0131k, cesaret, ya\u015fama sevinci ve\u00a0ne\u015fe d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimize e\u015flik etsin…<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Dipnotlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

(1)<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0Global tourism hits record highs but whogoes where on holiday,\u00a0https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/news\/2019\/jul\/01\/global-tourism-hits-record-highs-but-who-goes-where-on-holiday<\/a><\/p>\n

(2)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.cnnturk.com\/ekonomi\/turist-sayisi-48-milyonu-asti<\/a><\/p>\n

(3)<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.ibb.istanbul\/News\/Detail\/36092<\/a><\/p>\n

(4)\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>Groundwater, B. (2017), Barcelona, Berlin, Rome and Venice: The cities that are sick of tourists. Traveller, 21 June 2017<\/p>\n

(5)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>\u2019 Paradise Lost: Beautiful Island Ruined by Tourism,\u00a0https:\/\/www.telegraph.co.uk\/travel\/lists\/beautiful-islands-ruined-by-tourism\/?fbclid=IwAR2uxB3lGok8Yby30fnLZQHv2vuB7qmnST1ZSvuRYAjJg1jxX8bVFVMiWGo<\/a><\/p>\n

(6)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0http:\/\/www.koreaherald.com\/view.php?ud=20171023000511<\/a><\/p>\n

(7)<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/uk-news\/2020\/jan\/05\/rebel-alliance-formed-to-halt-disneyfication-of-edinburgh<\/a><\/p>\n

Benzer bir istatistik Adalar i\u00e7in de s\u00f6zkonusu. Adalar\u2019a ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz 2019 Kurban Bayram\u0131\u2019nda sadece \u015fehir hatlar\u0131 vapurlar\u0131yla gelen ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 246 bin oldu\u011fu \u015eH\u0130 taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131. Motor seferleriyle birlikte d\u00f6rt g\u00fcnl\u00fck s\u00fcrede bu say\u0131n\u0131n 500 bini a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

\u00a0(8)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0\u201cK\u00fclt\u00fcr Turizmi\u201dnde rota UNESCO\u2019ya g\u00f6re belirleniyor,\u00a0https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/kultur-sanat\/kultur-turizminde-rota-unescoya-gore-belirleniyor\/1453614<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00d6mer S\u00fcvari- Heybeliada \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019n\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fckleri B\u00fcy\u00fckada, Heybeliada, Burgazada ve K\u0131nal\u0131ada sayfiyeden turistikle\u015ftirmeye do\u011fru geli\u015fen s\u00fcreci g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar uzanan yakla\u015f\u0131k 20-25 y\u0131ll\u0131k bir d\u00f6nemde ya\u015fad\u0131. 1980’li y\u0131llardan itibaren“sosyal devlet” ve “sosyal belediyecilik” gibi kavram ve uygulamalar\u0131n rafa kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131llar bu s\u00fcrece damga vurrurken, bu y\u0131llara kadar Adalar \u0130stanbul’un di\u011fer sayfiyelerine nazaran mekansal ve fiziksel …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5186,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[45,102,5,4,3,49,83,142],"tags":[111],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5183"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5183"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5183\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5319,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5183\/revisions\/5319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/5186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5183"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5183"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5183"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}