{"id":4864,"date":"2020-01-16T00:16:24","date_gmt":"2020-01-15T21:16:24","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=4864"},"modified":"2021-02-24T18:38:26","modified_gmt":"2021-02-24T15:38:26","slug":"istanbul-ve-adalar-sayfiyeden-turistik-somurgeye-dogru","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=4864","title":{"rendered":"Sayfiye’den turistikle\u015ftirmeye \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131- 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00d6mer S\u00fcvari- Heybeliada<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019nda sosyal, kentsel ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ne kadar parlak ve \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrse g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u00fcn ard\u0131nda dev bir enkaz b\u0131rakarak \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcyor. Bunu en \u00e7ok Adalar\u2019\u0131 terketmek zorunda kalan eski Adal\u0131lar, eski yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar ve\u00a0ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnleri art\u0131k \u0130stanbul\u2019daki, Selanik\u2019teki, Atina\u2019daki evlerinde bir \u201cho\u015f sada\u201d olarak an\u0131msayanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. \u00a0Adalar\u2019da art\u0131k bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar, serac\u0131lar, zanaatkarlar, memurlar, sanat\u00e7\u0131lar ve t\u00fcm zorluklar\u0131na ra\u011fmen Adalar\u2019\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten sevenler ya\u015fam\u0131yor. Bu kesimler art\u0131k k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131k haline gelirken bug\u00fcn Adalar\u2019da turistik esnafl\u0131\u011fa g\u00f6n\u00fcl indirenler, emeklilik g\u00fcnlerini sahil boyunca uzanan turistik kafelerde plastik sandalyeler \u00fczerinde dedikodu dalgalar\u0131na ta\u015f atarak ge\u00e7irmeyi tercih edenler ve adadan ba\u015fka gidecek yeri olmayanlar ya\u015f\u0131yor.\u00a0 Adalar\u2019\u0131n dokusunu as\u0131l belirleyenler ise yerel ili\u015fkilerini paraya ve ranta \u00e7evirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlarla, o \u00e7\u0131kar\u00a0a\u011flar\u0131\u00a0i\u00e7inde yer tutmaya ba\u011flayan kesimlerden olu\u015fuyor.<\/p>\n

\"images-14\"
Turist ta\u015f\u0131yan bir ada vapuru (2018)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bir\u00e7o\u011fumuz i\u00e7in\u00a0Son \u0130stanbul <\/em>par\u00e7as\u0131 ve\u00a0Son Sayfiye<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen, tarihi mekanlar\u0131, zengin mimari birikimi, \u00e7ok k\u00fclt\u00fcrl\u00fcl\u00fck simgesi dinsel ge\u00e7mi\u015fi, mahalle k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve do\u011fal zenginli\u011fiyle \u0130stanbul\u2019un e\u015fsiz b\u00f6lgelerinden biri olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Adalar, ger\u00e7ekte b\u00fcy\u00fck bir y\u0131k\u0131m, talan ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fc alan\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f durumda. Muhafazak\u00e2r bir \u0130\u00e7 Anadolu kasabas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f olan Adalar\u2019\u0131n sosyal ve siyasal ili\u015fki atmosferi de bu \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcnt\u00fcy\u00fc durduracak dinamiklerden b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde yoksun, il\u00e7enin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ekonomik bask\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda art\u0131k diki\u015f tutmayacak noktaya do\u011fru h\u0131zla ilerliyor.<\/p>\n

Adalar\u2019\u0131n kendi dinamikleri i\u00e7inde bu \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f\u00fc durduracak ve geri \u00e7evirebilecek anlaml\u0131 bir yerel y\u00f6netim anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ya da kamu idaresinden s\u00f6z etmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fil. Son y\u0131llarda Adalar Belediyesi\u2019nin, Orman \u0130\u015fletmeleri\u2019nin, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, Koruma Kurulu\u2019nun ya da di\u011fer resm\u00ee kurumlar\u0131n esen r\u00fczg\u00e2ra g\u00f6re\u00a0ald\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00fcndelik kararlar;\u00a0ekonomik ve siyasal ili\u015fkilere, ittifaklara, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6re \u015fekil alan\u00a0uygulamalar, Adalar\u2019\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyi durdurmak bir yana daha da h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131yor.\u00a0Adalar Belediyesi i\u00e7inde her d\u00f6nem s\u00fcregiden g\u00fc\u00e7 ve inisiyatif m\u00fccadelesinin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc geli\u015fmeler, \u00a0her isteyene kurals\u0131z \u015fekilde da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan i\u015fletme ruhsatlar\u0131, a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131p kapat\u0131lan m\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fckler, yap\u0131lan \u015f\u00fcpheli\u00a0atamalar, denetimden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lan imar ve i\u015fletmecilik\u00a0uygulamalar\u0131, Orman \u0130\u015fletmeleri\u2019nin, Vak\u0131flar Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn ve Milli Emlak\u2019\u0131n herhangi bir kentsel\u00a0duyarl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermeden da\u011f\u0131tt\u0131\u011f\u0131 izinler, \u00c7evre ve \u015eehircilik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00a0\u201cyap\u0131 kay\u0131t belgeleri\u201d, Koruma Kurulu\u2019nun \u00e7e\u015fitli gerek\u00e7elerle verdi\u011fi y\u0131k\u0131m ve yap\u0131la\u015fma izinleri ve Adalar\u2019\u0131n yak\u0131n ge\u00e7mi\u015fine damga vuran talan k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc il\u00e7enin do\u011fal ve tarihsel miras\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zla eritiyor.<\/strong>\u00a0Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 Adalar\u2019\u0131 son y\u0131llarda g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr \u015fekilde saran turizmin a\u011f\u0131rla\u015fan etkileriyle birle\u015fti\u011finde tarihsel n\u00fcfusu son y\u00fczy\u0131l i\u00e7inde tamamen uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, t\u00fcm k\u00fclt\u00fcrel de\u011ferleri erozyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f il\u00e7edeki\u00a0\u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015f art\u0131k g\u00fcndelik ya\u015fam\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

T\u00fcm bunlar ya\u015fan\u0131rken \u00e7e\u015fitli \u201csivil giri\u015fimlerin\u201d \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ad\u0131na sundu\u011fu \u00e7e\u015fitli projeler ve bu projelere kaynakl\u0131k eden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce bi\u00e7imleri de sosyal ve ekonomik ger\u00e7ekli\u011fin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda birer kendini g\u00f6sterme arac\u0131 olman\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7miyor. Bu t\u00fcr giri\u015fimlerin ya da proje gruplar\u0131n\u0131n sosyal ya da ki\u015fisel sermaye, kariyer, itibar, stat\u00fc, proje vb. kazanmak gibi ama\u00e7larla y\u00fcr\u00fctt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve giri\u015fimler Adalar\u2019a egemen olan politik ve ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7, patronaj ve yana\u015fmac\u0131l\u0131k ili\u015fkilerinin g\u00f6lgesiyle damgalan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7\u0131kar odakl\u0131 a\u011flar\u0131n kamu kurumlar\u0131ndan sivil olu\u015fumlara, siyasal partilerden yerel internet gazetelerine kadar her alanda boy att\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu manzaran\u0131n gerisinde ise Adalar\u2019\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 y\u0131ld\u0131r ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201csayfiyenin tasfiyesi\u201d<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>s\u00fcreci bulunuyor. Adalar\u2019\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla Rum n\u00fcfusun ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck birer bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 k\u00f6y\u00fc ve inziva-tecrit b\u00f6lgesinden\u00a019. ve 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca \u00f6nce soylula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir sayfiye\u00a0b\u00f6lgesine, son 40 y\u0131lda ise\u00a0turistikle\u015ftirilmi\u015f bir\u00a0\u201ckentsel s\u00f6m\u00fcrge\u201d<\/strong><\/em>ye<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren geli\u015fmeler dizisi \u0130stanbul\u2019un ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle yak\u0131ndan ilgili.<\/p>\n

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\u0130stanbul\u2019un neo-liberal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ve sayfiyenin kayb\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019nda ya\u015fanan s\u00fcreci, kentin di\u011fer sayfiye b\u00f6lgelerinde oldu\u011fu gibi bir g\u00f6rece uzun bir \u00fcrece yay\u0131lan bir \u201ckentselle\u015fme\u201d<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>s\u00fcreci de\u011fil, do\u011fal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve tarihsel ya\u015fam\u0131n h\u0131zla talan edilmesine dayanan bir\u00a0\u201ckentsel s\u00f6m\u00fcrgele\u015ftirme<\/strong><\/em>\u201d<\/em>\u00a0hareketi haline getiren geli\u015fmeler, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u0130stanbul\u2019un son y\u0131llarda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi neo-liberal d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle\u00a0ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131.<\/p>\n

1980\u2019li y\u0131llara kadar\u00a0\u201csosyal devlet\u201d<\/em> ve “sosyal belediyecilik”<\/em> uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n egemen oldu\u011fu bir tarihsel kesitte ya\u015fanan ve bu nedenle kimi sosyal tamponlar ve g\u00f6rece d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck profilli bir kentsel y\u0131k\u0131m s\u00fcrecinin damga vurdu\u011fu kentle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7leri, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00f6zellikle \u0130stanbul\u2019da art\u0131k mega ula\u015f\u0131m, konut ve enerji projelerinin tetikledi\u011fi dizginsiz bir sosyal ve kentsel y\u0131k\u0131m s\u00fcrecinin e\u015flik etti\u011fi sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n hakimiyetinde ya\u015fan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

\"806x378-toki-kayasehir-kura-cekilis-sonuclari-burada-26-haziran-toki-21-kura-cekilisi-sonuclari-sirali-tam-liste-1561534282352\"<\/a>
Y\u00fczbinlerce insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir beton denizi: Kaya\u015fehir \/ Ba\u015fak\u015fehir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Son d\u00f6nemde \u0130stanbul\u2019u bir transit-turistik merkez olarak yeniden in\u015fa etmeye y\u00f6nelik olarak al\u0131nan havaliman\u0131, kurvaziyer liman, otoyol, kanal gibi kararlar ve kentsel merkezlerin bu kararlara paralel olarak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesi-da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131, kentin \u00e7eperinde devasa beton bloklardan olu\u015fan uydu kentlerin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck kentsel-mek\u00e2nsal sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretiyor. Yaln\u0131zca Taksim, Karak\u00f6y, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y, Emin\u00f6n\u00fc gibi geleneksel merkezler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011fil Maslak-Sar\u0131yer, K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u00e7ekmece-Esenyurt-Beylikd\u00fcz\u00fc, Ata\u015fehir-Maltepe-Tuzla gibi koridorlarda da y\u0131k\u0131m ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle paralel bir \u015fekilde ilerleyen yeni\u00a0kentle\u015fme dinami\u011fi, kent \u00e7evresindeki do\u011fal ve tar\u0131msal alanlar\u0131 da h\u0131zla tasfiye ediyor. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te fiziksel s\u0131n\u0131rlarla ya da \u00e7e\u015fitli yasalarla g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze kadar korunmu\u015f\u00a0sayfiye ya da do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131 da bir t\u00fcr kentsel k\u0131ska\u00e7 alt\u0131nda\u00a0eziliyor.<\/p>\n

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G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde tamamen kentsel merkez i\u00e7inde kalan Sulukule, Ayazma, Tarlaba\u015f\u0131 gibi mek\u00e2nlar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fcyle \u201ctemizlenerek\u201d<\/em> turistikle\u015ftirildi\u011fi ve yat\u0131r\u0131m alanlar\u0131 olarak yeniden kurguland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kent merkezine uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedeniyle k\u0131smen korunabilmi\u015f olan \u015eile, A\u011fva, Riva, Polonezk\u00f6y, G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk, Adalar gibi b\u00f6lgeler birer \u201crekreasyon ve turizm alan\u0131\u201d olarak yeniden tan\u0131mlanarak sermaye yat\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131k hale getiriliyor.\u00a0(1)<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>Kent merkezine fiziksel a\u00e7\u0131dan uzak eski sayfiye b\u00f6lgelerindeki bu yeniden i\u015flevlendirme s\u00fcreci, do\u011fal ve sosyal dokunun tahribi, mek\u00e2n\u0131n ve do\u011fan\u0131n ticarile\u015ftirilmesi, k\u00fclt\u00fcr \u00f6\u011felerinin m\u00fczele\u015ftirilmesi, \u201cmiras mekanlar\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda mahallenin turistikle\u015ftirilmesi gibi sonu\u00e7lar \u00fcretiyor. Bu geli\u015fme s\u00fcreci yaln\u0131zca politik ya da b\u00fcrokratik merkezlerden al\u0131nan kararlarla de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda\u00a0yerel akt\u00f6rlerle kurulan payla\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131yla birlikte y\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n

\"1014582_620x410\"<\/a>
Tarlaba\u015f\u0131’nda “d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu h\u0131zl\u0131 y\u0131k\u0131m ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci kamu taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen kentsel planlama uygulamalar\u0131nda da kendini hissettiriyor. \u00d6zellikle 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan itibaren art\u0131k \u201cmikro planlama\u201d, \u201cs\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik\u201d, \u201ckoruma-kullanma dengesi\u201d, \u201ckent pazarlamas\u0131\u201d\u00a0(urban marketing)<\/em>, \u201cturizm ta\u015f\u0131ma kapasitesi\u201d\u00a0(tourism carrying capacity)<\/em>\u00a0\u201crekreasyon f\u0131rsat spektrumu\u201d\u00a0(recreation opportunity spectrum)<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>gibi kavramlar do\u011fa-kentsel y\u0131k\u0131m\u0131 me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131ran bir dizi uygulamaya altl\u0131k olu\u015fturuyor.\u00a0(2)<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu neo-liberal paradigma kentsel mek\u00e2n\u0131 ve do\u011fay\u0131 bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7inde kendini her g\u00fcn yeniden tan\u0131mlayan ve ya\u015fayan birer orman, koru, sahil, mahalle, ada olarak de\u011fil, statik birer proje, planlama ve yat\u0131r\u0131m alan\u0131\u00a0olarak g\u00f6ren, sermaye ili\u015fkilerinin de dahil oldu\u011fu teknik-b\u00fcrokratik bir uygulama alan\u0131 olarak ele al\u0131yor. Neo liberal kent kurgusu a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan art\u0131k kenti kimlerin ve hangi partilerin y\u00f6netti\u011fi bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u015fiddetini ve h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131 belirlemek d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir \u00f6neme sahip de\u011fil. <\/strong>Bu \u00e7er\u00e7evede g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde<\/strong> kentsel planlama ve mek\u00e2nsal kullan\u0131m\u0131 kararlar\u0131<\/strong> kentsel ranta\u00a0ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131na ekonomik, siyasal ya da simgesel bir \u201cderinlik\u201d kazand\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131\u00a0aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde kimlerin hangi ili\u015fkiler i\u00e7inde ne t\u00fcr imkanlara sahip oldu\u011fuyla ilgili bir meseleyken bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u201ckat\u0131l\u0131m\u201d ya da \u201cdenetim\u201d kentsel b\u00fcrokrasinin birer i\u015flevi haline d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor. Koruma Kurullar\u0131n\u0131n, bakanl\u0131klar\u0131n ya da belediyelerin<\/p>\n

B\u00fcy\u00fck bir d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci ya\u015fayan \u0130stanbul’un 5-6\u00a0kilometre uza\u011f\u0131ndaki Adalar’\u0131n ya da \u00e7e\u015fitli koruma kararlar\u0131yla bug\u00fcne kadar \u015fu ya da bu \u015fekilde korunan di\u011fer sayfiye b\u00f6lgelerinin bu b\u00fcy\u00fck d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmden\u00a0nas\u0131l etkilendi\u011fine biraz daha yak\u0131ndan bakmak i\u00e7in \u0130stanbul sayfiyelerinin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne ayr\u0131 bir parantez a\u00e7mak gerekiyor.<\/p>\n

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Sayfiye\u2019nin k\u0131skac\u0131: Kentle\u015fme mi, turistikle\u015fme mi? <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul\u2019da sayfiyeler 19. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131ndan itibaren zenginle\u015fen Osmanl\u0131 b\u00fcrokrasisinin, elitlerin, aristokrasinin, ticaret, sanayi ve bankac\u0131l\u0131k yoluyla zenginle\u015fmi\u015f yeni burjuvazinin kendi soyut temsilini ve ya\u015fam deneyimini yarataca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcvenli b\u00f6lgeler aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7inde \u015fekillendi. Geni\u015f bah\u00e7eler i\u00e7indeki evlerden ve k\u00f6\u015fklerden olu\u015fan klasik Osmanl\u0131 sayfiyesi, kendi d\u00f6nemi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ve mimari-mek\u00e2nsal \u00f6zellikleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan bat\u0131dakine benzer bir \u015fekilde modern ve toplumda y\u00fckselen yeni s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n kendini ifade etti\u011fi bir kentsel doku olarak do\u011fdu ve geli\u015fti. Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi bu dokuya b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc parti, devlet ve ordu i\u00e7inde y\u00fckselen yeni b\u00fcrokratlar\u0131n yazl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131, kamu ve \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6re ait yaz kamplar\u0131n\u0131, deniz banyo ve plajlar\u0131n\u0131, mesire alanlar\u0131n\u0131 ve parklar\u0131 ekleyerek sayfiyeyi ayn\u0131 zamanda bir kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma, bulu\u015fma ve en \u00f6nemlisi yeni rejimin g\u00f6sterim mek\u00e2n\u0131 olarak yeniden i\u015flevlendirdi.<\/p>\n

\"B\u00fcy\u00fckada<\/a>
B\u00fcy\u00fckada 1940’lar\u0131n sayfiye g\u00fcnleri…<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/dt>\n<\/dl>\n

Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 boyunca \u0130stanbul ve yak\u0131n \u00e7evresindeki sayfiye b\u00f6lgelerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131\u00a01950\u2019lerdan itibaren artan gecekondu yerle\u015fimlerinin bask\u0131s\u0131 alt\u0131nda birer banliy\u00f6ye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrken, bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de do\u011frudan kent merkezine ba\u011flanarak orta \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n yeni yerle\u015fim b\u00f6lgeleri haline geldiler. \u00a0Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i k\u00f6ylerinin (Yenik\u00f6y, Arnavutk\u00f6y, Tarabya, \u0130stinye, Kanl\u0131ca, Beykoz, B\u00fcy\u00fckdere vb.),<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>Anadolu yakas\u0131\u00a0(Ba\u011fdat Caddesi Erenk\u00f6y, Suadiye, Caddebostan, Maltepe, Dragos vb.)<\/em>\u00a0ve Avrupa yakas\u0131\u00a0(Ye\u015filk\u00f6y, Florya, Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y, B\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7ekmece vb.)<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>sayfiyelerinin kent taraf\u0131ndan yutulmas\u0131 ve orta \u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n konut-ticaret alanlar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc ise b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde 1980\u2019li y\u0131llarda tamamland\u0131. (3)<\/sup><\/strong><\/p>\n

1980’lerde tamamlanan bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm “sosyal devlet” ve sosyal belediyecilik uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fu ya da bu \u015fekilde egemen oldu\u011fu y\u0131llarda sayfiyeden kentle\u015fmeye do\u011fru g\u00f6rece yumu\u015fak bi\u00e7imlerde ge\u00e7ilmesine neden oldu. Ye\u015fil alanlar\u0131n, rekreasyon b\u00f6lgelerinin, parklar\u0131n ve\u00a0k\u0131y\u0131 kenar \u00e7izgilerinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde\u00a0korundu\u011fu, planlama ilkelerine asgari \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de olsa uyulan bu s\u00fcre\u00e7, geleneksel sayfiye alanlar\u0131n\u0131 uzun say\u0131labilecek bir tarihsel s\u00fcre\u00e7te eritti ve kentin yuttu\u011fu eski sayfiyelerin yerine\u00a0\u0130stanbul kent merkezine k\u0131yasla \u00f6telenen \u015eile, A\u011fva, Kilyos, \u00c7\u0131narc\u0131k, Erdek gibi yeni sayfiye b\u00f6lgeleri olu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n

\"1937-Ak\u015fam<\/a>
1937-Ak\u015fam Gazetesi<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/dt>\n<\/dl>\n

Yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131l kadar s\u00fcren\u00a0bir s\u00fcre\u00e7te pe\u015fpe\u015fe gelen g\u00f6\u00e7 ve kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm dalgalar\u0131 eski sayfiye b\u00f6lgelerinin tarihi, yerel, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve do\u011fal dokusunu yerinden s\u00f6kerek yeniden\u00a0yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131.\u00a0Osmanl\u0131-Cumhuriyet d\u00f6nemi sayfiyesi, neo-liberal kentle\u015fme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin\u00a0egemen hale gelmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1980\u2019li y\u0131llarla birlikte t\u00fcm toplumsal ve mek\u00e2nsal \u00f6znelerini ve \u00f6zelliklerini kaybetti.<\/p>\n

1980\u2019lerden itibaren ANAP d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flayan neo-liberal yerel y\u00f6netim uygulamalar\u0131yla h\u0131zlanan kentin\u00a0d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kent, mek\u00e2n, do\u011fa ya\u011fmas\u0131na ve ticaret-in\u015faat sermayesine dayanan yeni bir ekonomik rasyonaliteye yasland\u0131. Bu d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kenti ve kentsel rant\u0131 yeniden tan\u0131mlarken,\u00a0sayfiye\u2019yi ve sayfiyeyinin dayanak noktas\u0131 olan mahalleyi y\u0131kan, k\u0131rsal \u00fcretim dinamiklerini ve yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131-k\u0131\u015fl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 ili\u015fkisine dayanan geleneksel ekonomiyi silerek onun yerine turizm-ticaret ekonomisinin yapay mekanlar\u0131n\u0131, \u201cbeach\u2019leri, dolgu alanlar \u00fczerine kurulan \u201ckul\u00fcpleri\u201d, s\u00fcpermarketleri, \u201cpiknik, park ve rekreasyon alanlar\u0131n\u0131\u201d, destinasyon, tur ve gezi programlar\u0131n\u0131 koyan bir mek\u00e2nsal turistikle\u015ftirme s\u00fcreciyle kolkola ilerledi. Zaman i\u00e7inde kentsel ve do\u011fal mekanlardan edinilen ticaret kazan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n ve perakende zincirlerinden elde edilen ranta dayanan sosyal ili\u015fkilerin egemen oldu\u011fu bu d\u00fcnyada sayfiye, ger\u00e7ekte var olmayan ancak tarihsel, nostaljik ve pazarlanabilir bir varl\u0131k<\/strong>\u00a0<\/strong>haline\u00a0geldi. Adalar, \u0130stanbul\u2019da bu durumun en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131, beachleri, perakende zincirleri, piknik alanlar\u0131, faytonlar\u0131, orman i\u015fletmeleri vb. ile deyim yerindeyse laboratuvar niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan b\u00f6lgelerden biri oldu.<\/p>\n

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Dipnotlar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  • D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm s\u00fcreci hakk\u0131nda bkz. Kurtulu\u015f, H. ve T\u00fcrk\u00fcn, A. (2005)\u0130stanbul\u2019da Kentsel Ayr\u0131\u015fma: Mekansal D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmde Farkl\u0131 Boyutlar<\/em>, Ba\u011flam Yay., \u0130stanbul.<\/li>\n
  • Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u00f6zet i\u00e7in bkz. Kostopoulou, S. Ve Kyritsisstella,(2006)\u00a0A Tourism Carrying Capacity Indicatorfor Protected Areas,<\/strong><\/em>Anatolia: An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research Volume 17, Number 1, pp. 5-24 ve Buckley, R., (1999)An Ecological Perspective on Carrying Capacity<\/strong><\/em>, Annals of Tourism Research, Vol. 26, No. 3, pp. 705-708,\n
      \n
    • T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de sayfiye k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc hakk\u0131nda hayli renkli ve detayl\u0131 incelemeler bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir derleme i\u00e7in bkz. Bora, T., (1997),\u00a0Sayfiye: Hafiflik Hayali,\u00a0<\/strong><\/em>\u0130leti\u015fim Yay. ve Ya\u011fan, N.B., Sayfiye\u2019nin D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u00d6mer S\u00fcvari- Heybeliada Bug\u00fcn \u0130stanbul Adalar\u0131\u2019nda sosyal, kentsel ve do\u011fal ya\u015fam, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan ne kadar parlak ve \u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcrse g\u00f6r\u00fcns\u00fcn ard\u0131nda dev bir enkaz b\u0131rakarak \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcyor ve \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fcyor. Bunu en \u00e7ok Adalar\u2019\u0131 terketmek zorunda kalan eski Adal\u0131lar, eski yazl\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar ve\u00a0ge\u00e7mi\u015f g\u00fcnleri art\u0131k \u0130stanbul\u2019daki, Selanik\u2019teki, Atina\u2019daki evlerinde bir \u201cho\u015f sada\u201d olarak an\u0131msayanlar g\u00f6r\u00fcyor. \u00a0Adalar\u2019da art\u0131k bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar, serac\u0131lar, …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4968,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[102,44,1,17,98,49,83,14],"tags":[111],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4864"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4864"}],"version-history":[{"count":31,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4864\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5182,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4864\/revisions\/5182"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4864"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4864"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4864"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}