{"id":4797,"date":"2019-10-30T15:33:10","date_gmt":"2019-10-30T12:33:10","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=4797"},"modified":"2019-11-02T15:48:16","modified_gmt":"2019-11-02T12:48:16","slug":"1-milyar-havyan-kus-ve-bitki-turu-yokolusla-yuzyuze","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=4797","title":{"rendered":"1 milyar havyan, ku\u015f ve bitki t\u00fcr\u00fc yokolu\u015fla y\u00fczy\u00fcze"},"content":{"rendered":"

Almanya’da<\/a>\u00a0yap\u0131lan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz \u00e7eyrek y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca u\u00e7an b\u00f6ceklerin\u00a0biyok\u00fctlelerinde\u00a0y\u00fczde 82’lik\u00a0bir\u00a0d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00a0oldu\u011fu\u00a0a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131.\u00a0Uluslararas\u0131 Do\u011fa Koruma Birli\u011fi’ne (International Union for Conservation of Nature)<\/em> g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya amfibilerinin y\u00fczde 40’\u0131\u00a0yok olma<\/a>\u00a0tehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131\u00a0kar\u015f\u0131ya<\/a>.\u00a0Mavi y\u00fczge\u00e7li orkinos stoklar\u0131,\u00a0tarihi n\u00fcfusunun\u00a0y\u00fczde 3’\u00fcne<\/a>\u00a0kadar geriledi. ABD’nin Atlantik morina bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 son zamanlarda b\u00fcy\u00fck birseviye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc<\/a>\u00a0ya\u015f\u0131yor. Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler bu y\u0131lki raporunda, yakla\u015f\u0131k bir milyon hayvan ve bitki t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00a0neslinin t\u00fckenmesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya<\/a>\u00a0oldu\u011fu konusunda t\u00fcm insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tekrar uyard\u0131.\u00a0Rapora g\u00f6re \u201cinsanl\u0131k tarihinde her zamankinden daha fazla ve daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u201d bir\u00a0yok olu\u015f s\u00fcreci ya\u015fan\u0131yor. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar her g\u00fcn yeni ve tehlikeli zorluklarla ba\u015f etmek zorunda: Hava kirlili\u011fi, r\u00fczgar t\u00fcrbinleri, g\u00f6kdelenler, u\u00e7aklar, pestisit kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve benzeri g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015f d\u00fczeyde habitat kayb\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ku\u015flar da bu yokolu\u015fu s\u00fcrecinden en \u00e7ok etkilenen canl\u0131lar\u0131n bas\u0131nda geliyor. \u00a0Science\u00a0<\/a>dergisinde yay\u0131mlanan bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re ABD ve Kanada\u2019da 1970\u2019den beri 2.9 milyar ku\u015f yokoldu. Bu rakam, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu kadar \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc korumadaki b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren vahim bir tablo.<\/p>\n

Ara\u015ft\u0131rma ekibi, Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve Kanada\u2019da 500\u2019den fazla ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fc i\u00e7in ku\u015f pop\u00fclasyonu izleme verilerini analiz etti. G\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar\u0131n hareketlerini toplayan sofistike meteoroloji radarlar\u0131na ait on y\u0131ll\u0131k verilerden ek destek sa\u011fland\u0131. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, son be\u015f y\u0131lda bir\u00e7ok ku\u015f t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn pop\u00fclasyonda \u00f6nemli kazan\u0131mlar elde etti\u011fini g\u00f6rd\u00fc. Ancak bir\u00e7o\u011fu, yani yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,7 milyar ile 3,2 milyar aras\u0131nda, ortalama 2.9 milyar ku\u015f net n\u00fcfus kayb\u0131na u\u011fram\u0131\u015f durumda.<\/p>\n

Kaybolan 2.9 milyar ku\u015fun \u00e7o\u011funun, Kuzey Amerika\u2019ya \u00f6zg\u00fc olmayan t\u00fcrlere ait oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlendi. Bu t\u00fcrlerden sadece ikisi \u2013 \u2018Avrupa S\u0131\u011f\u0131rc\u0131\u011f\u0131\u2019 ve \u2018Baya\u011f\u0131 Ser\u00e7e\u2019 \u2013 kaydedilen net n\u00fcfus kayb\u0131n\u0131n sadece y\u00fczde 15\u2019ini olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n

Otlak Ku\u015f T\u00fcrleri %74 azald\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Otlaklarda ya\u015fayan ku\u015flar, h\u0131zla artan tar\u0131m\u0131n etkisiyle birlikte en sert \u015fekilde etkilenen t\u00fcrlerden birileri. Habitat alanlar\u0131n\u0131n tra\u015flan\u0131p tar\u0131ma a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 ve uygulanan pestisit gibi kimyasallar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden hem b\u00f6cekler hem de ku\u015flar ila\u00e7l\u0131 tohumlar nedeniyle etkilenmekte. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadaki bilim adamlar\u0131, otlak ku\u015f t\u00fcrlerinin %74\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve 717 milyon ku\u015fun kayboldu\u011funu tespit etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

1970\u2019ten beri her d\u00f6rt ku\u015ftan biri art\u0131k yok<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcmler Yeterli De\u011fil<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm bir veya iki kimyasal\u0131n yasaklanmas\u0131 ile yeterli olmayacak. \u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendine bir ayna tutmas\u0131 ve karar vermesi gerekiyor \u2013 ger\u00e7ekten bu gezegende yaln\u0131z m\u0131 kalmak istiyoruz? D\u00fcnyan\u0131n biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi; bilim, t\u0131p, e\u011fitim ve kendimizi anlama yolunda canl\u0131 ve \u00f6nemli bir kaynak.<\/p>\n

Gezegenin\u00a0do\u011fal\u00a0sistemleri\u00a0art\u0131k\u00a0insan davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan derinden etkileniyor, de\u011fi\u015ftiriliyor ve\u00a0yokolu\u015fu s\u00fcreci\u00a0giderek h\u0131zlan\u0131yor. Gezengenin t\u00fckeni\u015fi insan\u0131n da\u00a0t\u00fckeni\u015fi anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

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Kaynaklar<\/em><\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2019\/09\/19\/opinion\/crisis-birds-north-america.html<\/em>
\nhttps:\/\/science.sciencemag.org\/content\/366\/6461\/120<\/p>\n

In a New Study on Bird Loss, Some Scientists Say Subtlety Is Lost, Too<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n