{"id":3809,"date":"2016-02-14T02:34:37","date_gmt":"2016-02-14T00:34:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=3809"},"modified":"2019-10-05T02:13:19","modified_gmt":"2019-10-04T23:13:19","slug":"yassiada-yok-edilirken-turk-saginda-ada-ve-utopya","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=3809","title":{"rendered":"Yass\u0131ada yok edilirken, T\u00fcrk sa\u011f\u0131nda \u2018Ada\u2019 ve \u00fctopya.."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>14 \u015eubat 2016 &#8211; Evrensel &#8211;<\/em> Fevzi \u00d6zl\u00fcer<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bizans\u2019a kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi bo\u015funa de\u011fildir, T\u00fcrk devlet gelene\u011finin k\u00f6klerinin. \u00a0Bizans H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Theofilos (829-842) Platea Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Yass\u0131ada\u2019ya yapt\u0131ktan bir s\u00fcre sonra, Manast\u0131r \u00a0ve kilisenin alt\u0131ndaki dehlizler de zindan olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. May\u0131s 1960 Darbesi ard\u0131ndan da Adnan Menderes ve Demokrat Parti \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 Yass\u0131ada\u2019da. \u00a0Devlet akl\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u201cada\u201d bir s\u00fcrg\u00fcn yeriydi. Adnan Menderes fig\u00fcr\u00fc etraf\u0131nda T\u00fcrk sa\u011f\u0131 da siyasal tarihini bu \u201cs\u00fcrg\u00fcn\u201d sembolizmi \u00fczerinden yazd\u0131. Bu tarih yaz\u0131m\u0131 \u201cdemokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ekseninde geli\u015fti. \u00a0Pek tabii ki, her siyasal hareket i\u00e7in ge\u00e7mi\u015fin yeniden yaz\u0131lmas\u0131 ve gelenek icad\u0131 \u00a0olmazsa olmazlardand\u0131r. Siyaset bir anlamda da \u201ctarihi\u201d her daim yeniden yazmakt\u0131r. Ge\u00e7mi\u015fin yaz\u0131m\u0131nda mitler, kahramanl\u0131k hikayeleri ve anlat\u0131lar da \u00f6nemli bir yer tutar. T\u00fcrk sa\u011f\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131 ve\u00e7heleri i\u00e7inde Yass\u0131ada ve Sivriada\u2019da yap\u0131lan yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131n da sa\u011f siyasetlerin gelenek icad\u0131na \u00f6nemli bir uzam sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcphesizdir. Yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu adalarla ilgili 2012 y\u0131l\u0131ndan sonra AKP taraf\u0131ndan bir proje geli\u015ftirilir. Yass\u0131ada\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6nce ismi de\u011fi\u015ftirilir \u0130stanbul \u0130l Genel Meclisi karar\u0131yla: \u201c\u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve Demokrasi\u201d adas\u0131 olur Yass\u0131ada. \u0130smin \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 itibariyle, Ada\u2019ya sembolik bir anlam y\u00fcklenir. T\u0131pk\u0131 t\u00fcm ada \u00fctopyalar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi. Ancak, Ak\u015fit G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn Ada \u00fctopyalar\u0131n\u0131n karakteristi\u011fini \u00e7izdi\u011fi gibi bir yer midir, bu Ada?<\/p>\n<p><strong>MENDERES\u2019\u0130N KALKINMA \u00dcTOPYASI VE CENNET<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu soruya bir yan\u0131t bulmak i\u00e7in Menderes\u2019i iktidara ta\u015f\u0131yan kalk\u0131nma \u00fctopyas\u0131n\u0131n izini k\u0131saca s\u00fcrmek gerekir. \u00a0Menderes\u2019i ve Demokrat Partiyi iktidara ta\u015f\u0131yan, ikinci d\u00fcnya sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 iktisadi ve sosyal k\u0131tl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f ve sava\u015f y\u0131llar\u0131ndan \u00fclkenin ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaln\u0131zl\u0131ktan, kapal\u0131l\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n m\u00fcjdelenmesiydi. Tam da 1951 y\u0131l\u0131nda Marshall Plan\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye \u00d6zel Misyonu Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Russell Dorr\u2019un yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir a\u00e7\u0131klamada oldu\u011fu gibi, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ordular\u0131n\u0131 ve savunma fabrikalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015f\u00e7ilerini doyurmaya sevk olunacakt\u0131r.\u201d Uluslararas\u0131 iktisadi i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde tar\u0131ma dayal\u0131 kapitalistle\u015fmenin onay\u0131 da al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. K\u0131sa s\u00fcrede, \u00fclkedeki trakt\u00f6r say\u0131s\u0131 400 kat artm\u0131\u015f, tohum, g\u00fcbre ithalat\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Tar\u0131msal kredi destekleri, bankac\u0131l\u0131k d\u00fczenini geli\u015ftirmi\u015f, k\u0131r\u0131 \u015fehre ba\u011flayan yeni yollar sayesinde ta\u015fran\u0131n kazand\u0131\u011f\u0131 se\u00e7im ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc iktisadi olarak da \u015fehre ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Eski kentli ve se\u00e7kinler d\u00fczeni kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda, k\u00f6yl\u00fcl\u00fck kapitalistle\u015ferek \u015fehri ele ge\u00e7irmenin iktisadi, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ta\u015fra pop\u00fclizmi ekseninde b\u00fcy\u00fcyen tar\u0131m, \u00f6z\u00fc itibariyle \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00fcreticinin bir hakimiyetin sonucunda de\u011fil, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n (trakt\u00f6r, tohum, g\u00fcbre) ithalat\u0131 ve te\u015fvikleriyle bi\u00e7imlenmi\u015fti. T\u00fcrkiye uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde tar\u0131msal \u00fcr\u00fcn ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 pozisyonundan \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131n e\u015fi\u011fine do\u011fru h\u0131zla ilerlerken, bu i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde yeni dengeler ortaya \u00e7\u0131karken 27 May\u0131s darbesini ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Menderes h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin \u00a0topraks\u0131z ve toprakl\u0131 k\u00f6yl\u00fc s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131na vadetti\u011fi yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde mutluluk halesi darbe ile duvara as\u0131l\u0131yordu. Demokrat Parti, k\u00f6yl\u00fcn\u00fcn zenginle\u015fmesini; \u00a0teknoloji transferinde, kara yollar\u0131nda ve piyasan\u0131n geni\u015flemesinde aram\u0131\u015ft\u0131. \u00a0Demokrat Parti\u2019nin iktidardan uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, parti \u00f6nderlerinin idam edilmesinin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin kalk\u0131nma \u00fctopyas\u0131nda bir geriye gidi\u015fi i\u015faret etti\u011fini ve demokrasi deneyimi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da bir karanl\u0131k d\u00f6neme girildi\u011fini sa\u011f siyasetler hep dillendirdi. Bu anlamda da Yass\u0131ada\u2019n\u0131n, Menderes ile cisimle\u015fen \u201cyery\u00fcz\u00fcnde cennet: kalk\u0131nma\u201d fikrinin somut bir bi\u00e7imde a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 yer olarak yeni d\u00f6nem sa\u011f iktidarlar taraf\u0131ndan korunmas\u0131n\u0131 beklemek ham bir hayal olmayacakt\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, siyasal gelene\u011fe yaslanmak, Mumford\u2019un dedi\u011fi gibi \u201c\u00f6rnek toplum d\u00fczenini, hi\u00e7 de\u011filse tarihin ge\u00e7mi\u015f bir d\u00f6neminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6stermek, b\u00f6ylece \u00f6rnek toplum \u00fclk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc tarihsel bir temele oturtmak iste\u201dmektir. Lakin,Yass\u0131ada\u2019da Demokrat Parti milletvekili oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tutuklu bulunan Faruk Nafiz \u00c7aml\u0131bel\u2019in sat\u0131rlar\u0131 Ada\u2019n\u0131n bir kara-\u00fctopya mekan\u0131 olarak tasarlanmas\u0131n\u0131n ipu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vermektedir: \u201cBilmiyor g\u00fclmeyi sakinlerin binde biri; Bir vatan derdi birikmi\u015f bir avu\u00e7luk karada Ku\u015fu hicran getirir, dalgas\u0131 h\u00fcsran g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr; Mavi bir g\u00f6lde elem katras\u0131d\u0131r Yass\u0131ada.\u201d \u00a0Sa\u011f i\u00e7in bu kara \u00fctopyan\u0131n ve sembolik olanaklar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesinde iktidara sahip olmak \u00f6nemli bir f\u0131rsatt\u0131r. Demokrat Parti gelene\u011fine yaslanma iddias\u0131 ve onun yery\u00fcz\u00fc cenneti \u00fctopyas\u0131n\u0131n Ada\u2019da cisimle\u015fmesi, Ada fikrinin canl\u0131 tutulmas\u0131yla ilgilidir. Ada, bir d\u00fczen, g\u00fcvenlik, mutluluk kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015flenen toplumsall\u0131\u011f\u0131n bir prototipi olarak in\u015fa edilebildi\u011finde her daim \u00fctopyaya kap\u0131 aralar. \u00a0Ancak, Ada\u2019ya ge\u00e7mi\u015fte, evvel zaman i\u00e7inde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201ciyi, mutlu, g\u00fcvenli bir yer\u201d olarak bakmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, yine Ak\u015fit G\u00f6kt\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn ifadesiyle, \u201cAda, tutsakl\u0131k, bask\u0131 ve can s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131 olarak somutla\u015facakt\u0131r.\u201d Sa\u011f bir gelenekten, kendini \u00fctopyac\u0131 fikriyattan ari tuttu\u011fundan, Ada reel siyasetin konusuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Reel siyaset ekseninde de Yass\u0131ada, tutsakl\u0131k, bask\u0131 ve can s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. O halde neden adan\u0131n ad\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirilmi\u015f ve \u201cDemokrasi ve \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck Adas\u0131\u201d olarak konulmu\u015ftur. Anla\u015f\u0131lan odur ki, demokrat parti ve Menderes gelene\u011finin, iktisadi ve siyasal fikrinin Ada\u2019da cisimle\u015fmi\u015f bir bi\u00e7imini yaratmak iddias\u0131yla bu isim konulmu\u015f de\u011fildir. Bu anlam\u0131yla da \u201cAda\u201d ile kurulan ba\u011f bir \u00fctopya d\u00fczlemi de\u011fildir. \u00dctopya d\u00fczleminde b\u00f6ylesine bir ba\u011f kurulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da d\u0131\u015fa kapal\u0131, zamandan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, mutlak anlamda ge\u00e7mi\u015fin g\u00fczelli\u011fini ifade eden bir bi\u00e7imde gelene\u011fin sunulmas\u0131na gerek kalmamaktad\u0131r. \u00a0Gelenek, sa\u011f i\u00e7in d\u00fcne dair de\u011fildir. \u00a0Bu nedenle de \u201cdemokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck adas\u0131\u201d ifadesi bir gelenekle ba\u011f kuran proje olarak da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>OLAN NE?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tam da bu ba\u011f kurulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; Ada\u2019n\u0131n ele ge\u00e7irilmesi olanakl\u0131 hale gelir. Adnan Menderes\u2019in yatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 cezaevi bu nedenle y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131r. Ada\u2019da y\u0131llard\u0131r olu\u015fan cang\u0131l ortam\u0131 birka\u00e7 gecede d\u00fcmd\u00fcz edilir. Manast\u0131r ve dehlizler buldozerlerle temizlenir. \u00a0Sa\u011f\u2019\u0131n \u201cmuhafaza eden bir potansiyeli\u201d var olacak idiyse de ganimetin pay edilmesi rit\u00fceli i\u00e7inde bu potansiyel de erir gider. Ada, ge\u00e7mi\u015finden kurtulur. Bir t\u00fcr \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirilme operasyonunun konusu haline gelir. \u00a0\u201cDemokrasi ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u201d adaya yap\u0131lacak marinan\u0131n vitrini haline gelmi\u015ftir. Marina\u2019ya demirleyecek gemiler i\u00e7in, K\u0131y\u0131 Kanunu kapsam\u0131ndaki t\u00fcm koruma k\u0131s\u0131tlar\u0131 torba yasalarla ilga edilir. Adan\u0131n e\u015fkinalara ev sahipli\u011fi do\u011fal sit yap\u0131s\u0131 kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Adnan Menderes\u2019e ithafen \u00a0Ada\u2019ya verilmi\u015f tarihi sit stat\u00fcs\u00fc d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc proje adas\u0131 i\u00e7in tarih, do\u011fa ve bizzat \u201cgelenek\u201d bir engeldir. D\u00fcne dair yazg\u0131 yine de\u011fi\u015fmemi\u015ftir, gelene\u011finden sa\u011f\u0131 kopartan \u015fey yine uluslararas\u0131 i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olmu\u015ftur: Turizm ve in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fcyle b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi esas alan patronaj ili\u015fkileri. \u00a0Tam da bu nedenle Ada\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7\u0131r\u0131l\u00e7\u0131plak halleri bir foto\u011fraf karesi olarak man\u015fetlere d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcnce, Marmara ekosistemi i\u00e7inde bulunmayacak bitkilerle adan\u0131n ye\u015fillendirilece\u011fini ihaleyi alan \u015firket savunabilmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, \u201cdo\u011fa\u201d sadece bir boya markas\u0131d\u0131r ve ye\u015fil bir renktir. Bunun i\u00e7in de canl\u0131lar\u0131n tarihi, gelene\u011fi hay\u0131rhah bir nitelik bar\u0131nd\u0131rmaz. Ada\u2019da bu nedenle k\u00f6yl\u00fc eksenli Demokrat Parti kalk\u0131nmac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n cisimle\u015fmesini, bir tar\u0131msal ekonomi \u00fctopyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6remezsiniz. Ada\u2019da k\u00fclt\u00fcr ve kongre turizmi ile May\u0131s darbesinin m\u00fczesinin \u00f6tesinde bir yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k bulamazs\u0131n\u0131z: hizmet ekonomisi. Ada\u2019n\u0131n bir \u00f6fke seli i\u00e7inde t\u0131ra\u015flanmas\u0131 belki de tam da bu nedenledir ki, iktisadi kurumsalla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 tamamlam\u0131\u015f olan sa\u011f iktidarlarca bir k\u00fclt\u00fcr zemininin, uzam\u0131n ve mekan\u0131n in\u015fa edilememesinin kara \u00fctopyas\u0131n\u0131 ortaya d\u00f6kmektedir. Tam da tarihin verdi\u011fi, kara \u00fctopyadan kurtulma f\u0131rsat\u0131 elinin tersiyle itilmektedir. Gelenek bir iktisadi soy k\u00fct\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olarak cisimle\u015fmektedir.T\u00fcm adalar sat\u0131n al\u0131nabilir, kiralanabilir ve \u00f6yleyse \u201c\u00fctopya\u201d Acun i\u00e7in de bir projedir sadece.<\/p>\n<p>link:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.evrensel.net\/haber\/272566\/turk-saginda-ada-ve-utopya\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.evrensel.net\/haber\/272566\/turk-saginda-ada-ve-utopya<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>14 \u015eubat 2016 &#8211; Evrensel &#8211; Fevzi \u00d6zl\u00fcer &nbsp; Bizans\u2019a kadar g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclmesi bo\u015funa de\u011fildir, T\u00fcrk devlet gelene\u011finin k\u00f6klerinin. \u00a0Bizans H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131 Theofilos (829-842) Platea Manast\u0131r\u0131\u2019n\u0131 bug\u00fcnk\u00fc Yass\u0131ada\u2019ya yapt\u0131ktan bir s\u00fcre sonra, Manast\u0131r \u00a0ve kilisenin alt\u0131ndaki dehlizler de zindan olarak kullan\u0131ld\u0131. May\u0131s 1960 Darbesi ard\u0131ndan da Adnan Menderes ve Demokrat Parti \u00fcyelerinin yarg\u0131lamalar\u0131 yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 Yass\u0131ada\u2019da. \u00a0Devlet akl\u0131 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3810,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[120,9],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3809"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3809"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3809\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3811,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3809\/revisions\/3811"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3810"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3809"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3809"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3809"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}