{"id":198,"date":"2015-08-26T02:27:18","date_gmt":"2015-08-25T23:27:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=198"},"modified":"2016-02-16T03:40:11","modified_gmt":"2016-02-16T01:40:11","slug":"yassiada-ve-prens-adalarinin-essiz-mercan-topluluklari","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/?p=198","title":{"rendered":"Yass\u0131ada ve Sivriada’n\u0131n mercanlar\u0131 yokoluyor…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dr. Nur Eda TOP\u00c7U ERYAL\u00c7IN<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Su \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Fak\u00fcltesi <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Deniz Biyolojisi Anabilim Dal\u0131<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"PIC_0005-2-491x380\"<\/a>
Sivriada gorgonlar\u0131 – Derinlik 62. mt.(*)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u001b<\/span><\/p>\n

1-\u00a0<\/b>Marmara Denizi, Prens Adalar\u0131\u2019ndaki mercan topluluklar\u0131 neden e\u015fsizdir?<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Bu b\u00f6lgede, baz\u0131 mercan t\u00fcrlerinin yo\u011fun topluluklar olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu t\u00fcrlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131, Akdeniz\u2019e endemiktir yani d\u00fcnyada ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir yerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmezler. \u00d6zellikle 2 t\u00fcr vard\u0131r ki, bunlar\u00a0derin deniz t\u00fcrleridir<\/strong>\u00a0(isimleri\u00a0Paramuricea macrospina<\/em>\u00a0ve\u00a0Spinimuricea klavereni<\/em><\/strong>); her ikisi de en s\u0131\u011f 50 m derinlikte g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flan\u0131r ve genellikle 50 m\u2019den daha y\u00fcksek derinliklerde g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrler, \u00fcstelik\u00a0ender ve seyrek<\/strong>\u00a0olarak…\u00a0Oysa Marmara Denizi\u2019nde 20 metrelerden itibaren<\/strong>, yani insanlar\u0131n t\u00fcpl\u00fc dal\u0131\u015fla rahatl\u0131kla ula\u015farak g\u00f6zlem yapabilecekleri derinliklerden itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015flan\u0131r bu t\u00fcrler. \u00dcstelik\u00a0g\u00f6receli olarak yayg\u0131n ve s\u0131k topluluklar<\/strong>\u00a0halinde! Bu durum k\u0131smen, Ege ve Karadeniz aras\u0131ndaki konumuyla Marmara Denizi\u2019nin sahip oldu\u011fu \u00e7ok \u00f6zel ak\u0131nt\u0131 sistemleri sayesinde olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan topluluklar hem T\u00fcrkiye k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131 hem de b\u00fct\u00fcn Akdeniz havzas\u0131 i\u00e7in e\u015fsizdir. Bu topluluklar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, Akdeniz i\u00e7in daha tipik t\u00fcrlerden olu\u015fan topluluklar da vard\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcrlerden\u00a0Eunicella cavolini<\/em>\u00a0mercan\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0(\u00e7al\u0131 mercan\u0131), Bat\u0131 Akdeniz k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda (\u00f6zellikle \u0130talya ve Fransa) yo\u011fun topluluklar olu\u015fturur ve bu topluluklara son derece de\u011fer verilir. Devaml\u0131 olarak izleme alt\u0131ndad\u0131r ve korunmalar\u0131 s\u00f6z konusudur. Bu t\u00fcr\u00fcn topluluklar\u0131na\u00a0Do\u011fu Akdeniz\u2019de fazla rastlanmaz<\/strong>. Doktora tezimde elde etti\u011fimiz verilere g\u00f6re,\u00a0Yass\u0131ada ve Sivriada\u2019da metrekarede 10\u2019dan fazla \u00e7al\u0131 mercan\u0131<\/strong>\u00a0bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu durum da yine hem \u00fclkemiz, hem de Do\u011fu Akdeniz i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6zel bir durumdur.<\/span><\/p>\n

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2-\u00a0<\/strong>Mercan topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 korumak neden \u00f6nemlidir?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Gorgon ve yumu\u015fak mercanlar yava\u015f b\u00fcy\u00fcyen uzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc canl\u0131lard\u0131r. Mercanlar ve gorgonlar 3 boyutlu a\u011fa\u00e7 benzeri yap\u0131lar olu\u015ftururlar ve bu t\u00fcrler \u201cekosistem in\u015fac\u0131lar\u0131\u201d olarak bilinirler (Jones ve di\u011f. 1994). Kom\u00fcnitelerin yap\u0131s\u0131, biyomas\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi \u00fczerinde \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli etkileri vard\u0131r (Ballesteros 2006). Kendileri ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na bir habitat olarak kabul edilebilirler ve \u00e7evrelerindeki biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi art\u0131rd\u0131klar\u0131 kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Cerrano ve di\u011f. 2010). Ekosistemin i\u015fleyi\u015fi \u00fczerinde son derece \u00f6nemli etkileri vard\u0131r. Yok olmalar\u0131 durumunda, karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla t\u00fcr \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi azalacak, \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde habitat kayb\u0131 olu\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu durum uzun vadede t\u00fcm ekosistemin i\u015fleyi\u015fini etkileyecektir. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, Marmara Denizi\u2019ndeki mercan ve gorgon topluluklar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok t\u00fcre habitat olu\u015fturdu\u011fu ve yumurtlama alan\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Denizel biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi korumak amac\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan AB Habitat Y\u00f6nergesi (92\/43\/EEC) ve Barselona S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi \u00fcye \u00fclkeleri taraf\u0131ndan kabul edilen bir Eylem Plan\u0131 (Akdeniz\u2019deki Koralijen ve Di\u011fer Kalkerli biyolojik Yap\u0131lar\u0131n Korunmas\u0131 Eylem Plan\u0131) bu topluluklar\u0131n korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r (UNEP-MAP-RAC\/SPA, 2008). Her iki hukuki belge de koralijen (Akdeniz\u2019deki en \u00f6nemli ikinci habitat tipi) i\u00e7inde \u00f6nemli yere sahip olan yumu\u015fak mercan ve gorgonlar\u0131n muhafazas\u0131n\u0131 ve izlenmesini gerektirmektedir. Barselona s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 de\u011filken Habitat Y\u00f6nergesi ise ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir belgedir; bu a\u00e7\u0131dan T\u00fcrkiye de \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015fen sorumluluklar\u0131 yerine getirmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"DIGITAL<\/a><\/p>\n

3-<\/strong>Suya b\u0131rak\u0131lan kum-\u00e7amur, bal\u00e7\u0131k ve at\u0131klar mercan topluluklar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l etkiler?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Mercan ve gorgonlar, suda ask\u0131da bulunan besin par\u00e7ac\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve mikroskobik canl\u0131lar\u0131 s\u00fczerek beslenirler. Mercan ve gorgon dallar\u0131 \u00fczerinde her biri bir \u00e7i\u00e7ek g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcnde olan ve polip olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan yap\u0131lar s\u00fczme i\u015flemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Su kolonunda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 miktarda kum, \u00e7amur ve bal\u00e7\u0131k bulunmas\u0131 durumunda, poliplerin \u00fczeri \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr ve t\u0131kan\u0131r. Canl\u0131n\u0131n beslenme ve nefes alma faaliyetleri durur ve bir s\u00fcre sonra dokular\u0131n\u0131 kaybederek \u00f6l\u00fcr. B\u00fcy\u00fckada\u2019n\u0131n arkas\u0131nda bulunan Bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 Adas\u0131 ve Yass\u0131ada\u2019da bulunan mercan topluluklar\u0131na en son yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dal\u0131\u015flarda bu \u00f6rt\u00fclme ve t\u0131kanma durumlar\u0131n\u0131n ne yaz\u0131k ki ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemledik ve bir\u00e7ok\u00a0Spinimuricea klavereni<\/em>\u00a0mercan\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rd\u00fck. E\u011fer bu yo\u011fun bal\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7\u00f6kelmesi Prens Adalar\u0131 k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131nda devam ederse, ne yaz\u0131k ki hi\u00e7bir mercan t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn hayatta kalabilmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

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(*)\u00a0Foto\u011fraflar \u00a0http:\/\/derintakip.blogspot.com.tr<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dr. Nur Eda TOP\u00c7U ERYAL\u00c7IN \u0130stanbul \u00dcniversitesi, Su \u00dcr\u00fcnleri Fak\u00fcltesi Deniz Biyolojisi Anabilim Dal\u0131 \u001b 1-\u00a0Marmara Denizi, Prens Adalar\u0131\u2019ndaki mercan topluluklar\u0131 neden e\u015fsizdir? Bu b\u00f6lgede, baz\u0131 mercan t\u00fcrlerinin yo\u011fun topluluklar olu\u015fturdu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu t\u00fcrlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131, Akdeniz\u2019e endemiktir yani d\u00fcnyada ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir yerde g\u00f6r\u00fclmezler. \u00d6zellikle 2 t\u00fcr vard\u0131r ki, bunlar\u00a0derin deniz t\u00fcrleridir\u00a0(isimleri\u00a0Paramuricea macrospina\u00a0ve\u00a0Spinimuricea klavereni); her …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3613,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[45,102,20,16,44,119,19,8,83,9],"tags":[62],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=198"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3614,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/198\/revisions\/3614"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3613"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=198"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=198"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dokuzadabirdeniz.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=198"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}